The purpose of plant protection, plant harm insects, fungi and weeds by killing the virus by destroying disease caused by an abundant and high quality products is to be taken. The task of plant protection machinery, fungi, insects, other animal pests and weeds in the struggle of the chemicals used in pesticides to plants or soil as a uniform is to deploy to.
MACHINE TOOLS AND PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION
Drugs that are used for field and garden plant protection instruments can classify as follows:
a) Field of Sprayer
Is drawn type,
* Bin should type (a tool carrier, in front of or behind the tractor ride was)
b) He walks or atomiser of atomizatör
C) is carried in the back of hand atomiser with the command
d) motor carried in the back atomiser, atomizatör and tozlayıcılar
e) Seed drugs users
Because of the broad issues in this section has been included only to the field atomiser.
Field of Sprayer
Sprayer task of the liquid medication under pressure, always the same concentration and equal protection process enables the plant to transmit.
Working Principle of Sprayer:
By spraying liquid tank is mixed in a blender and a range of motion in the tail shaft of the pump pipe by drugs and then sent to the fields sprayed with pressure nozzles.
Parts
Storage
These days plastic materials and similar materials are most useful stores. These light, resistance is more long lasting and easy to clean.
Mixers
Mixed with water to various drugs and medications during the continuation of the desired mixture is necessary to keep constant concentration.
Photo 74: Hydraulic mixers
Filters
To help to prevent breast clogged Sprayer tool to different places in different pore diameter filters were placed.
Pumps
Task of the pump, as required in an amount sufficient spray pressurized fluid and a constant flow rate of the breast is at. Pumps of different drug concentrations, water quality and must be resistant to abrasion should also be able to absorb much water also.
Air Tank (Air Tube)
Field of the flow and pressure atomiser system in pülverizasyon to ensure the continuity of an air tank was placed on the atomiser pump.
Before you start with Sprayer drugs are absolutely necessary to the air tank, air must be filled by filling valves.
* After filling the air with an air control time should be checked.
* Attention If the nozzle or atomiser spray gun skips if the medicated liquid amount of air in the air tank with an air control time should be checked. The amount of air stored under the value specified in the schedule is established, the air must be pressed.
Pressure Adjustment Order
A constant pressure and a uniform distribution of breasts must guarantee.
The appropriate working pressure manometer is read. Recently, one of several new installations of the pressure adjustment is made in the form of solid armatures. This is outside the control of the armature (liquid flow opening and the closing), the distribution of the armature (wide distribution of the spray pipe to), equal pressure distribution of the armature (the distribution width of the fixed nozzle operating pressure of the sender) are among the innovations presented.
Manometers
Picture
75: Various manometers
In order to check the pressure in the system during Pülverizasyon study showing pressure, (above common forms of) various manometers are used.
Fields, vineyards, gardens different drugs are used manometers. For example, low-pressure field drugs (5 Bar), garden drugs (20 - 40 Bar) 'lık manometers are used.
Spray Bar (Bum)
The distance to the location of the spray bar medicines can be adjusted according to the plant height was built in features. At the same time and both have a small parcel handling of drugs or medicines the edges of fields to be 3-4 m in a foldable are made. Machines to spray wide rod (from a deviation from previous track) to make a drug to rod tip pointing mechanism of foam or a trace of lime was placed.
Picture 76: Spray bar
Bar parallel to the floor of a uniform jet spray is only possible with a stop at will. High speed and rugged terrain, these different types of parallelism Will not disrupt the balance made elevators.
Photo 77: Different types of balancing setup
Breasts
They work under high pressure corrosion resistant material (chrome - nickel steel) should be preferred and the best ones breasts.
The following types of atomiser nozzles used today are:
Using the Settings, and Treatments
Sprayer Preparation of the work
* Pre-selection control lever''position''is taken
* Lower connection is working arm-lifting gear is checked,
* Articulated shaft is mounted protective enclosure,
* Articulated shaft inserted''before''share of cover should be measured and controlled.
* Sprayer connected to the tractor side of tension should be tightened,
* Sprayer front-rear, left-right and parallelism is to check the settings are correct,
* Store quickly filling (injector) system is filled with,
* Field range of drugs (Tee-Jet) 2-5 barlık pressure is necessary in the breast "pressure regulator is set to'',
* Tail shaft running with the help of eye and measuring instruments breasts, "and the Flow of Spray Angle''is checked,
Below a local farm in atomiser; tractor speed, drugs and breast yield to pressure, depending on the product or to the fields to be dropped medicated fluid intake (breast plate diameter 1.5) can be seen.
To make a uniform distribution of fields with atomiser should be carried out as follows;
* A liquid flow should be equal for all nozzles,
* Working pressure should remain constant,
* Spray enough in the form of folding must be
* Spray bar height adjustment to be made,
* Travel speed should be constant,
* Full and even a tractor use.
Dialed in a good Sprayer Features
1. Units will be thrown into the field of drug quantity should be the same until the end of all the work,
2. Filter will be discarded should be good medicine,
3. Should be the same as the liquid from each nozzle,
4. Homogeneously mixed liquid medicine stored in warehouses in the hydraulic mixers certainly must be
5. Distance between spray nozzle and nozzle spacing between cones have to be designed not to,
Photo 78: Breast distance between
6. Breasts should have a structure can be easily changed,
Picture 79: esim 78: Quick değiştirilebilirmeme
7. Tail movement is interrupted with drops breasts,
8. With all kinds of drugs during atomiser spray pipe to fit on the structure of land must be
9. Tank filling mechanism must be fast,
10. Using different conditions should be favorable,
(For example: partial fields of medicine, such as leaves six or bantvari drugs),
11. Unit area will be thrown into a simple and accurate set amount,
12. Tank capacity should be stored at a location to be seen on.
Safety Rules
Plant protection when working with machines, special attention should be job security. To this end, developed countries in many of the storage of pesticides, transport, field implementation of the drug no longer be required to comply with many regulations and laws have provisions. Because of the wide scope of issues here, only the main points of information related to general safety measures are summarized below:
* Be sure to read medication labels.
* Before you start the application whether there is any malfunction of equipment (illegal drugs, etc.). Check.
* Appliances or will pollute the environment, damage (from dishwasher) Avoid.
* Never leave your body open to a protective leather clothing, rubber gloves, boots, and if necessary to protect your face, use a visor or mask.
* Just what you need to prepare medicated liquid, more than one drug at the same time do not open box or tin.
* Beware of the drug moved from loss. Do not do drugs against the wind.
* Do not eat anything during medication, do not drink (non-vb. Included).
* Drug and never leave the side of tool, do not
* Wash thoroughly with soap and water after medication and change your clothes.
* Blank to destroy drug boxes many ways. They are doing so strictly follow the legal regulations.
* After Disinfection tool to clean equipment.
* Do not carry the medicine with other containers in your own containers (bottles, food containers, etc.)..
* Food or animal feed with medication Do not store and keep away from children.
* For any reason to re-enter the field Medicinal if necessary wait at least 24 hours. Longer time to be expected if the field of early warning must have a name.
* Harvesting must pass between the last drug to a range of carefully follow certain time.
* Used as a water source Sprayer directly from the Do not auto-filling. For this, use a search to fill the tank. Otherwise, the machine's automatic filling device (thus escape back) can cause water to escape drug.
* To measure the amount of drug rather than the captain to divert crude closed system transfer and work with them at the end Rinse immediately.
* To empty the medicine to the tank do not attempt to lift your shoulders level. Filling height to be appropriate and make sure you press down.
* Although not yet in our country, many new atomiser allows the knee level layouts are available to fill. Safety should be preferred for this type of atomiser.
* Fill the medicine slowly.
* If you have two drugs that can be applied by mixing together each separately and add water to the same follow the recommended sequence.
