Our country is one of the biggest problems of dairy cattle business is the construction of stables. Our manufacturers are often received expensive breeding animals, to care enough to feed the disease is sensitive to the act, but the full treatment is not healthy to be built barn. However, efficient and healthy housing of animals in modern stables are required. Shall begin with the construction of livestock shelters. Chance of success increases if healthy housing. Primitive and the manufacturer's wrong is the contrary problem becomes trouble. Difficult or impossible to correct erroneous shelter is the later. Therefore ranch, according to the technique should be built and should have the appropriate facilities.
Planned and healthy housing in developed countries, the manufacturer's infrastructure, manufacturing is the insurance. Ensuring the production of properly made and issues considered cheap first is the construction of modern housing. Suitable for dairy cattle ranch in the production of structured and is important. Because the business is valuable and sensitive animals under a certain discipline to accommodate long-term, required a lot of action in a particular order is required to perform. Barn, animals will provide a healthy and high milk yield, feed distribution, fertilizer and cleaning, milking and other maintenance work can be executed easily and is a place, dairy cattle are the life blood of business. Therefore, great care must be taken stables planning. Planning is provided in the cow barn, known only to the structure of the housing should not be considered. Business as a whole must be addressed is right next to the cow barn, calf, calves, heifers and dry cows to shelter barns with hay, silage, solid-liquid manure tanks, various protection structures or business owner will try to accommodate workers at his house together should be considered.
Following matters in the construction of stables must take into consideration
1. Sheltering of animals to clean air, such as temperature and humidity of the environment demands the best way to meet,
2. Lifestyle and behavior of animals to be consistent with,
3. Mainly in the milking barn feeding, cleaning and other maintenance services for fertilizer business to be done easily and minimize the labor requirement,
4. Elements of the cost of construction to be stable and inexpensive,
5. Herd management in the barn to make it simpler,
6. Mechanization and technology application, stable type of care must be taken to be susceptible.
Following conditions must be provided in stables
Be in the appropriate size of 1.Ahırlarda pause,
According to the feeders and watering of system 2.Ahır sizes to be adequate and appropriate,
Diseases of the respiratory system problems 3.Sığırlarda important to reduce the ventilation of the barn is sufficient,
To prevent diseases of pregnancy 4.Metabolizma especially in the last period of the fields will be free-range,
5.Düşüp registration to several feet to prevent diseases and mastitis appropriate selection and plenty of floor mat to keep,
6.Doğum, calf and quarantine sections have been found,
7.Kapılarda threshold does not exist,
Foot bath with disinfectant at the entrances of 8.Kapı Finding is required.
Climatic factors, influence of various aspects of animal organisms that are important in the construction of shelters. Therefore, the climatic conditions in the region are examined thoroughly negative impacts on animal health and economic efficiency in the expenditure limits should be discussed with the type of housing can. Dairy cattle ranch in the region's climatic conditions and depending on the business concept can be planned in 3 different types:
1.Bağlı stop stables
2.Serbest open stables
3.Serbest stop stables
And a quality construction management success depends on a good projelemeye. Stable and units must be by experts and project planning. Types of cows in the barn stop, cow, depending on the number of rest stops are organized. Appropriate conditions are provided at an animal shelter can not be made profitable. Closed and connected to stop dairy cattle in the barn, with enough ventilation and lighting right, feed a limited, false and nutritive value in terms of poor quality is given, the risk of disease increases, the animals reduced the yield and growers in a short time loss, the business has been purging. An animal to be healthy, first ensure appropriate environmental conditions is required. Environmental conditions are not suitable in the environment will reduce the efficiency of cattle, such as the possibility of developing disease will increase. Animals with the most important environmental conditions effective to yield; temperature, relative humidity, ambient air composition, air capacity, air flow speed and lighting.
Stable temperature and humidity of the air how should it be?
Temperature, physiological activities of animals, health and productivity of workers at the shelter with the most important environmental condition in terms of health. For dairy cattle ambient temperature varies within wide limits. The limit of cattle housing according to their stables have indoor and outdoor displays of privilege. 10-15 ° C in closed stables is the most appropriate temperature value. Is inevitable in these values can be up to 7 ° C. Lower temperatures, a stable increase in the concentration of moisture and creates a work environment due to unsuitable will be requested. In case of cattle be hosted in open stables temperature falling below 0 ° C does not create a big problem. However, the point to be considered; sudden temperature changes on the cattle health and productivity is compared with the negative effects will be. And sufficient conditions to be developed to get used to feed the heat down to -25 degrees, even a significant decrease in the efficiency of dairy cattle is not, health is not corrupted. 25 0C'yi, particularly disturbing to the animals 35 0C'yi last temperatures, milk yield and fat content of milk is falling.
Animals in extremely hot comforting measures (canopy, with the air circulation fan, water spray, etc..) Should be taken. Most growers, as in the barn, stuffy, malodorous, humid and extremely warm to keep animals in stables, and persecute them, their health is not possible to continue and to be productive.
Animals, cold and low humid environments make it easier compatibility, but is disturbed significantly in environments of humid heat. In more humid stables not done enough ventilation, insulation is not well focused on structural elements of drops of moisture on the animal are very disturbed by animals and yield to fall to cause disease.
High temperature and relative humidity in animal feed could detract from the desire to eat animals largely decreases in yield will be saved. Establishment of a good ventilation system, cooling system needed and a good structure with the lowering of ambient temperature, this problem can be resolved with insulation.
In ensuring appropriate environment in stable condition, structural elements as well as reducing the amount of heat lost, adequate ventilation must be done. Ventilation in the hot and dirty air and shelter are taken out, and the lives of animals required to maintain efficiency is provided to oxygen and harmful gases, odors and unwanted pests in the air which can be removed. In addition, the humidity level can be adjusted. Barn must be airy and bright, the air draft is certainly not.
Lighting in the stables
Climatic conditions that have to be stables right in the exposure are another. Natural or artificial lighting can be done from the road. Feeding and lighting with ease of business of the provision is aimed. To take advantage of natural light to the barn wall, the windows are placed at even intervals. Natural lighting conditions, the climate of the region in the accounts of the window surface should be taken into consideration. 1/15-1/20 mostly stable base URL wide window to the surface provides adequate lighting. In cold regions, the rate 1 / 25 up to be reduced. Artificial lighting is used in electric light bulbs and lamps Fluorescence. Artificial lighting is considered adequate 100 lux'lük a light intensity. This stable base for the 1-watt light source is recommended m2'sine 25-30.
In the stables, cleaning
Productive and healthy in the dairy business for the production of fertilizer should be removed from the barn on a daily basis. Stable base as possible should be clean and dry. Fertilizer solid, liquid or clean it can be mixed. This is a stable system and the base operating system is closely related to regulation and fertilizer. Excessive soft or too hard floor should be avoided. Fertilizers are widely used in cleaning 3 different systems. These are: tractors, and mechanics with küreyici grilled ground-based applications made with pressure water cleaning and. Stable, especially place of birth and calf compartment must be kept constantly clean.
Planned and healthy housing in developed countries, the manufacturer's infrastructure, manufacturing is the insurance. Ensuring the production of properly made and issues considered cheap first is the construction of modern housing. Suitable for dairy cattle ranch in the production of structured and is important. Because the business is valuable and sensitive animals under a certain discipline to accommodate long-term, required a lot of action in a particular order is required to perform. Barn, animals will provide a healthy and high milk yield, feed distribution, fertilizer and cleaning, milking and other maintenance work can be executed easily and is a place, dairy cattle are the life blood of business. Therefore, great care must be taken stables planning. Planning is provided in the cow barn, known only to the structure of the housing should not be considered. Business as a whole must be addressed is right next to the cow barn, calf, calves, heifers and dry cows to shelter barns with hay, silage, solid-liquid manure tanks, various protection structures or business owner will try to accommodate workers at his house together should be considered.
Following matters in the construction of stables must take into consideration
1. Sheltering of animals to clean air, such as temperature and humidity of the environment demands the best way to meet,
2. Lifestyle and behavior of animals to be consistent with,
3. Mainly in the milking barn feeding, cleaning and other maintenance services for fertilizer business to be done easily and minimize the labor requirement,
4. Elements of the cost of construction to be stable and inexpensive,
5. Herd management in the barn to make it simpler,
6. Mechanization and technology application, stable type of care must be taken to be susceptible.
Following conditions must be provided in stables
Be in the appropriate size of 1.Ahırlarda pause,
According to the feeders and watering of system 2.Ahır sizes to be adequate and appropriate,
Diseases of the respiratory system problems 3.Sığırlarda important to reduce the ventilation of the barn is sufficient,
To prevent diseases of pregnancy 4.Metabolizma especially in the last period of the fields will be free-range,
5.Düşüp registration to several feet to prevent diseases and mastitis appropriate selection and plenty of floor mat to keep,
6.Doğum, calf and quarantine sections have been found,
7.Kapılarda threshold does not exist,
Foot bath with disinfectant at the entrances of 8.Kapı Finding is required.
Climatic factors, influence of various aspects of animal organisms that are important in the construction of shelters. Therefore, the climatic conditions in the region are examined thoroughly negative impacts on animal health and economic efficiency in the expenditure limits should be discussed with the type of housing can. Dairy cattle ranch in the region's climatic conditions and depending on the business concept can be planned in 3 different types:
1.Bağlı stop stables
2.Serbest open stables
3.Serbest stop stables
And a quality construction management success depends on a good projelemeye. Stable and units must be by experts and project planning. Types of cows in the barn stop, cow, depending on the number of rest stops are organized. Appropriate conditions are provided at an animal shelter can not be made profitable. Closed and connected to stop dairy cattle in the barn, with enough ventilation and lighting right, feed a limited, false and nutritive value in terms of poor quality is given, the risk of disease increases, the animals reduced the yield and growers in a short time loss, the business has been purging. An animal to be healthy, first ensure appropriate environmental conditions is required. Environmental conditions are not suitable in the environment will reduce the efficiency of cattle, such as the possibility of developing disease will increase. Animals with the most important environmental conditions effective to yield; temperature, relative humidity, ambient air composition, air capacity, air flow speed and lighting.
Stable temperature and humidity of the air how should it be?
Temperature, physiological activities of animals, health and productivity of workers at the shelter with the most important environmental condition in terms of health. For dairy cattle ambient temperature varies within wide limits. The limit of cattle housing according to their stables have indoor and outdoor displays of privilege. 10-15 ° C in closed stables is the most appropriate temperature value. Is inevitable in these values can be up to 7 ° C. Lower temperatures, a stable increase in the concentration of moisture and creates a work environment due to unsuitable will be requested. In case of cattle be hosted in open stables temperature falling below 0 ° C does not create a big problem. However, the point to be considered; sudden temperature changes on the cattle health and productivity is compared with the negative effects will be. And sufficient conditions to be developed to get used to feed the heat down to -25 degrees, even a significant decrease in the efficiency of dairy cattle is not, health is not corrupted. 25 0C'yi, particularly disturbing to the animals 35 0C'yi last temperatures, milk yield and fat content of milk is falling.
Animals in extremely hot comforting measures (canopy, with the air circulation fan, water spray, etc..) Should be taken. Most growers, as in the barn, stuffy, malodorous, humid and extremely warm to keep animals in stables, and persecute them, their health is not possible to continue and to be productive.
Animals, cold and low humid environments make it easier compatibility, but is disturbed significantly in environments of humid heat. In more humid stables not done enough ventilation, insulation is not well focused on structural elements of drops of moisture on the animal are very disturbed by animals and yield to fall to cause disease.
High temperature and relative humidity in animal feed could detract from the desire to eat animals largely decreases in yield will be saved. Establishment of a good ventilation system, cooling system needed and a good structure with the lowering of ambient temperature, this problem can be resolved with insulation.
In ensuring appropriate environment in stable condition, structural elements as well as reducing the amount of heat lost, adequate ventilation must be done. Ventilation in the hot and dirty air and shelter are taken out, and the lives of animals required to maintain efficiency is provided to oxygen and harmful gases, odors and unwanted pests in the air which can be removed. In addition, the humidity level can be adjusted. Barn must be airy and bright, the air draft is certainly not.
Lighting in the stables
Climatic conditions that have to be stables right in the exposure are another. Natural or artificial lighting can be done from the road. Feeding and lighting with ease of business of the provision is aimed. To take advantage of natural light to the barn wall, the windows are placed at even intervals. Natural lighting conditions, the climate of the region in the accounts of the window surface should be taken into consideration. 1/15-1/20 mostly stable base URL wide window to the surface provides adequate lighting. In cold regions, the rate 1 / 25 up to be reduced. Artificial lighting is used in electric light bulbs and lamps Fluorescence. Artificial lighting is considered adequate 100 lux'lük a light intensity. This stable base for the 1-watt light source is recommended m2'sine 25-30.
In the stables, cleaning
Productive and healthy in the dairy business for the production of fertilizer should be removed from the barn on a daily basis. Stable base as possible should be clean and dry. Fertilizer solid, liquid or clean it can be mixed. This is a stable system and the base operating system is closely related to regulation and fertilizer. Excessive soft or too hard floor should be avoided. Fertilizers are widely used in cleaning 3 different systems. These are: tractors, and mechanics with küreyici grilled ground-based applications made with pressure water cleaning and. Stable, especially place of birth and calf compartment must be kept constantly clean.
