Drainage, excess water in the soil without damaging the plant is finding out. Irrigation and rainfall to penetrate deep in the water, a layer of soil deposited on the impermeable or less permeable to water creates the base. Ground water, the time until the root zone increases and fills the pores of the soil.
          Lake on the surface of the soil and plant roots if no lack of closeness and oxygen takes will be damaged.
          Some plant diseases and parasites, drainage problems in the soil more exposed. In places with bad soil drainage processing will be delayed, seed bed preparation becomes difficult. Soil structure, drainage problems in that area is disturbed.
          Trunk and roots of plants under water longer duration of stay, increases levels of plant damage. This damage occurs as a direct yield of ground water near the soil surface in the case of prolonged periods, salt accumulates in soil and barren starts. Prolongation of the process, increase the level of aridity. Thus, unproductive, barren soils uncovered. About 1.5 million hectares of barren country, including 2.5 million hectares of land has drainage problems.
          The source of the water in the ground water or soil, rainfall, irrigation water and may be leaking. Semi-arid regions for irrigation water are the source of the excess water. Opened new areas under irrigation, irrigation water losses to deep time, the ground water level raises the leak. Ground water level of the soil to check whether a certain level is below the age and barren soils uncovered held. To prevent this, irrigation and drainage systems are planned together, is built.
          Open channels of water accumulates on the face of the soil with the help of a malicious site to be removed from the "surface drainage" is called.
          Ground water below the root zone soil of the plant to avoid damage, closed or open, 1-2 mt. depth, 50-100 mt. the drop-draining soil with a range of channels "internal drainage is called.
          In the fields of water is not desirable to lakes, fields should be straight, hollow places must be filled.
          In certain places of the field, 20-30 cm. at a depth of field by opening channels, which will accumulate in the water must be removed.
          Effective root depth of plants grown, the water is sweet or salty conditions, soil structure, the empty place in accordance with whether the taken into consideration the depth and range of the channel is determined. Channels are open or closed. Closed channels, concrete shrinkage, clay or perforated corrugated plastic PVC pipe shrinkage is used. Around pipes used at least 8 cm. filled with thick sand and gravel into the soil pipe below the water easier.
          These systems are very expensive investment, irrigated areas and ground water under the influence of sustainable agricultural land is in terms of insurance. Our country who are in need of drainage of the presence of 2.5 million hectares of agricultural land Considering the importance of issues are better understood.