Importance
Wheat used in human food crops between culture and production were included in the world are in first place in terms. This is because the corn plant is capable of a broad adaptation. Moreover, the wheat grains suitable for feeding, storage and processing facilities because approximately 50 countries on the basis of nutritional status. Provided to the population of the world wheat crop nutrient source is around 20% of total calories. This rate in our country 53'tür%.
To be made primarily with wheat flour and industrial sectors are used in many foods.
Climate and Soil Requests
Although wheat has a wide adaptation capabilities too hot and humidity is like a cool climate grain. Especially in the first period of development (germination kardeşlen-up) temperature 8-10 ° C, relative humidity is over 60% of it is enough. And the even more devious Kardeşlen temperature does not want to wake up. 10-15 ° C temperature, 65% humidity, low light and semi-closed weather is suitable. Temperature and humidity to rise with Sapa increases. In the period immediately before the spike of the high relative humidity have a positive impact on wheat yield. Fertilization with low humidity and high temperature properties of the grains increases. A 500 mm period appropriate to the development scattered rainfall is sufficient for maximum efficiency. However, some wheat varieties grown in 250 mm rainfall areas-field is known.
Wheat is a plant that can grow in different soil types. Arid lands and the productive base in unproductive areas that can be grown wheat varieties are many. However, the most suitable land for wheat, adequate drainage of the deep clay soil with-ting. 25-30% of water holding capacity of soil is suitable for wheat.
Soil Preparation
Time and method of processing agricultural land in wheat, processing depends on the objectives of motives. Fallow-cultivation system is the application of the dry semi-arid regions, soil processing purposes to destroy the foreign grass, soil water to accumulate and protect. Will not lead to soil erosion, the implementation of processing methods is also important.
Soil processing, soil that does not overturn, overthrow the instruments should be used not operate from the bottom. The first swallow for processing plow, crowbar and other tools should be used. Humid or irrigated, fallow each year are non-agricultural application products in the soil, immediately after harvest when there is a shadow of temper should take the plow depth of 15-20 cm. Before October is done to duplicate the team crowbar + drag a good seed bed must be prepared.
October
High efficiency and high quality products to get a pre-requisite, a regular at the appropriate time in the fields of germination and the output is provided. Generally fall and winter wheat as our country is included. Winter in October, higher efficiency is obtained compared with the summer planting. In addition to cold tolerance of varieties and sowing time vernalizasyon vary, depending on the request. Recommended to the region in winter bread wheat varieties, Kate A-1, Bezostaya, Pehlivan, Day 91 and 98 Mızrak and planting time for them is between October 1-October 30 date. Summer varieties are Basribey, Gönen 98, Panda, Golia and the Republic of 75, and November is time for them at the beginning of October until the end of December but may take. However, the most suitable for coastal planting time is between November 15-December 15 date.
8-10 ° C when the soil temperature at planting should be done. In the amount of wheat seed to be taken to decares; sowing time, bin grain weight, germination, and depending on the biological power varies between 18-24 kg.
Seed
Certified seed should be used for high efficiency. Certified seed use by 40% in grain yield increase is known to provide. Seed must be in special packaging seeds receiving, packaging and labels on the label must be on the look out for information.
Fertilizing
Wheat, fertilizer plants are generally a good response. Half of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorous fertilizer should be provided with the whole of October. Nitrogenous fertilizer is the other half as fertilizer should be given top kardeşlen period. Soil analysis is done on the pure substance decares 12 kg nitrogen and phosphorus 6 kg is recommended. Accordingly, in October with 13 kg Diamonyum decares phosphate (DAP), and 20-30 kg depending on soil pH'ının / nitrogenous fertilizer can be given in the appropriate form.
Maintenance
Wheat is the most important maintenance work, get up off the top of nitrogenous fertilizer in the period is given. Another important maintenance procedure is the fight against foreign herbs. Processing must be done carefully with herbs to combat foreign and alien land clean of weed seeds should be used. Foreign grass to be used in fighting ability or herbisitler kardeşlen off period before the rise should be used.
Irrigation
U.S. wheat is usually grown without irrigation country. Irrigation facilities where the wheat, the way up and should be watered in the bloom period. But last year, this critical dry periods when the expected entry into the plant stress, irrigation should be done.
Illness and the Struggle Against Pests
Wheat is the most common rust disease. There are three types of rust, yellow rust, brown rust and black rust. The most important is rust and yellow rust disease epidemic in the years to cause major yield losses. Yellow rust with resistant varieties is the most effective form of struggle. Other important wheat diseases are riding, and antimony. Before sowing the seed in riding fight drugs with drugs should be organic mercurial. Not see combat in the seeds of antimony antimony and resistant varieties should be chosen from the fields should be used.
Sune significant harmful to the wheat, kımıl, zabrus, and grasshoppers are bambul. The region's major problems and damage kımıl Sune very early or late in the growing varieties should be included. Moreover, this is harmful for the national struggle conducted.
Harvest and Storage
Wheat harvest time for our country to change by region between mid-May to August is a period of 3.5 months. 13.5% when the humidity Tanesin most appropriate time for harvest. Plants harvested when fully yellow, and one must start getting tough. In our country, most of the wheat is harvested by combine harvester. Humidity of wheat will be stored should not exceed 13'den%. Stored for long term storage of medicines should be made against the insect.
Warning
In summer as in the cultivation of wheat varieties to be included should be considered to be in the character of the summer. Otherwise the-ear mayacaktır plants. It is the most important diseases of wheat yellow rust (rusty). Therefore, use of the kind should be considered to be resistant to rust disease.
Wheat used in human food crops between culture and production were included in the world are in first place in terms. This is because the corn plant is capable of a broad adaptation. Moreover, the wheat grains suitable for feeding, storage and processing facilities because approximately 50 countries on the basis of nutritional status. Provided to the population of the world wheat crop nutrient source is around 20% of total calories. This rate in our country 53'tür%.
To be made primarily with wheat flour and industrial sectors are used in many foods.
Climate and Soil Requests
Although wheat has a wide adaptation capabilities too hot and humidity is like a cool climate grain. Especially in the first period of development (germination kardeşlen-up) temperature 8-10 ° C, relative humidity is over 60% of it is enough. And the even more devious Kardeşlen temperature does not want to wake up. 10-15 ° C temperature, 65% humidity, low light and semi-closed weather is suitable. Temperature and humidity to rise with Sapa increases. In the period immediately before the spike of the high relative humidity have a positive impact on wheat yield. Fertilization with low humidity and high temperature properties of the grains increases. A 500 mm period appropriate to the development scattered rainfall is sufficient for maximum efficiency. However, some wheat varieties grown in 250 mm rainfall areas-field is known.
Wheat is a plant that can grow in different soil types. Arid lands and the productive base in unproductive areas that can be grown wheat varieties are many. However, the most suitable land for wheat, adequate drainage of the deep clay soil with-ting. 25-30% of water holding capacity of soil is suitable for wheat.
Soil Preparation
Time and method of processing agricultural land in wheat, processing depends on the objectives of motives. Fallow-cultivation system is the application of the dry semi-arid regions, soil processing purposes to destroy the foreign grass, soil water to accumulate and protect. Will not lead to soil erosion, the implementation of processing methods is also important.
Soil processing, soil that does not overturn, overthrow the instruments should be used not operate from the bottom. The first swallow for processing plow, crowbar and other tools should be used. Humid or irrigated, fallow each year are non-agricultural application products in the soil, immediately after harvest when there is a shadow of temper should take the plow depth of 15-20 cm. Before October is done to duplicate the team crowbar + drag a good seed bed must be prepared.
October
High efficiency and high quality products to get a pre-requisite, a regular at the appropriate time in the fields of germination and the output is provided. Generally fall and winter wheat as our country is included. Winter in October, higher efficiency is obtained compared with the summer planting. In addition to cold tolerance of varieties and sowing time vernalizasyon vary, depending on the request. Recommended to the region in winter bread wheat varieties, Kate A-1, Bezostaya, Pehlivan, Day 91 and 98 Mızrak and planting time for them is between October 1-October 30 date. Summer varieties are Basribey, Gönen 98, Panda, Golia and the Republic of 75, and November is time for them at the beginning of October until the end of December but may take. However, the most suitable for coastal planting time is between November 15-December 15 date.
8-10 ° C when the soil temperature at planting should be done. In the amount of wheat seed to be taken to decares; sowing time, bin grain weight, germination, and depending on the biological power varies between 18-24 kg.
Seed
Certified seed should be used for high efficiency. Certified seed use by 40% in grain yield increase is known to provide. Seed must be in special packaging seeds receiving, packaging and labels on the label must be on the look out for information.
Fertilizing
Wheat, fertilizer plants are generally a good response. Half of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorous fertilizer should be provided with the whole of October. Nitrogenous fertilizer is the other half as fertilizer should be given top kardeşlen period. Soil analysis is done on the pure substance decares 12 kg nitrogen and phosphorus 6 kg is recommended. Accordingly, in October with 13 kg Diamonyum decares phosphate (DAP), and 20-30 kg depending on soil pH'ının / nitrogenous fertilizer can be given in the appropriate form.
Maintenance
Wheat is the most important maintenance work, get up off the top of nitrogenous fertilizer in the period is given. Another important maintenance procedure is the fight against foreign herbs. Processing must be done carefully with herbs to combat foreign and alien land clean of weed seeds should be used. Foreign grass to be used in fighting ability or herbisitler kardeşlen off period before the rise should be used.
Irrigation
U.S. wheat is usually grown without irrigation country. Irrigation facilities where the wheat, the way up and should be watered in the bloom period. But last year, this critical dry periods when the expected entry into the plant stress, irrigation should be done.
Illness and the Struggle Against Pests
Wheat is the most common rust disease. There are three types of rust, yellow rust, brown rust and black rust. The most important is rust and yellow rust disease epidemic in the years to cause major yield losses. Yellow rust with resistant varieties is the most effective form of struggle. Other important wheat diseases are riding, and antimony. Before sowing the seed in riding fight drugs with drugs should be organic mercurial. Not see combat in the seeds of antimony antimony and resistant varieties should be chosen from the fields should be used.
Sune significant harmful to the wheat, kımıl, zabrus, and grasshoppers are bambul. The region's major problems and damage kımıl Sune very early or late in the growing varieties should be included. Moreover, this is harmful for the national struggle conducted.
Harvest and Storage
Wheat harvest time for our country to change by region between mid-May to August is a period of 3.5 months. 13.5% when the humidity Tanesin most appropriate time for harvest. Plants harvested when fully yellow, and one must start getting tough. In our country, most of the wheat is harvested by combine harvester. Humidity of wheat will be stored should not exceed 13'den%. Stored for long term storage of medicines should be made against the insect.
Warning
In summer as in the cultivation of wheat varieties to be included should be considered to be in the character of the summer. Otherwise the-ear mayacaktır plants. It is the most important diseases of wheat yellow rust (rusty). Therefore, use of the kind should be considered to be resistant to rust disease.
